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Description
The GM78L00 series in positive voltage regulators are lowcost devices providing a simple solution for a wide variety of applications, which requires a regulated supply of up to 100mA. These virtually indestructible positive voltage regulators are protected by thermal shutdown and internal currentlimiting. Most applications require no external components. The GM78L00 is very versatile. To use them as fixed voltage regulators in a wide range of applications, including both local and on-card regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. They can also be used with power pass elements to make high current voltage regulators. The GM78L00 offers impressive performance advantages over old-fashioned zener diode-resistor combinations, providing lower output impedance and reduced quiescent cur-
Features
Output Current up to 100mA Output Voltages 5V, 6V, 8V, 9V, 10V, 12V, 15V, 18V and24V 3- Terminal Regulators No External Components Required Internal Thermal Overload Protection Internal Short Circuit Current-Limiting Available in TO-92, SOT-89 and SOP-8 packages
TYPIC APPLICATION CIRCUITS
CIN* 0.33F
CO**
GND
A common ground is required between the input and the output voltages. The input voltage must remain typically 2.0V above, the output voltage even during the low point on the input ripple voltage. * CIN is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. ** CO is not needed for stability; however, it does improve transient response.
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GM78L00 SERIES V0.1
1
VIN
GM78L00
VOUT
MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS (TOP VIEW)
TO-92
78LVV AYWW
SOT-89
GND VIN
SOP-8
GND NC
8765
1. INPUT 2. GROUND 3. OUTPUT
3 2 1
GM78LVV AYWW
VOUT 1
VV A Y WW
2 3
GM78LVV AYWW
VIN
12 34
GND
=Output Voltage (05:5.0V, 12:12V) =Assembly Location =Year =Weekly
VOUT GND
NC GND
ORDERING INFORMATION
Pro Number
GM78L05 GM78L06 GM78L08 GM78L09 GM78L10 GM78L12 GM78L15 GM78L18 GM78L24
VOUT
5.0V 6.0V 8.0V 9.0V 10V 12V 15V 18V 24V
Package
TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8
* For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page.
GM78L00 SERIES
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (IO= 1.5A)
PARAMETER
GM78L05 GM78L06 GM78L08 GM78L09 GM78L10 GM78L12 GM78L15 GM78L18 GM78L24
MIN
7 8 10.5 11.5 12.5 14.5 17.5 21 27 0
MAX
20 20 23 24 25 27 30 33 39 100 125
UNIT
Input Voltage VI
V
Output Current, IO Operating virtual junction temperature, TJ
2
mA C
BLOCK DIAGRAM
INPUT Q3 15k Q10 Q1 5.0k 3.0k OUTPUT 3.8k Q4 Q6 0-25k Q5 Q11 Q12
2.2k 1.2k 1.9k Z1 420 Q2 C Q8 Q7 1.0k GROUND Q9 2.85k
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER
Input Voltage GM78L05 to GM78L10 GM78L12 to GM78L18 GM78L24 Power Dissipation Operating Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature 1.6mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 sec.
SYMBOL
VI PD TJ Tstg TL
VALUE
30 35 40 Internally limited 0 to +150 -65 to +150 260
UNITS
V
W C C C
GM78L00 SERIES
3
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L05: VI= 10V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS
TEST CONDITIONS *
25C IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=7V to 20V IO= 1mA to 70mA VI=7V to 20V VI=8V to 20V VI=8V to 18V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz
MIN
4.8 4.75 4.75
TYP
5.0 5.0 5.0 32 26
MAX
5.2 5.25 5.25 150 100 60 30
UNIT
Output Voltage **
0C to 125C
V
Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current
25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C 41
mV dB mV V V
49 15 8 42 1.7 3.8 6 5.5 1.5 0.1
mA mA
VI=8V to 20V IO=1mA to 40mA
0C to 125C
GM78L06: VI= 11V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS *
25C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=8V to 20V IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation VI=8V to 20V VI=9V to 20V VI=9V to 19V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C VI=9V to 20V IO=1mA to 40mA 0C to 125C 40 0C to 125C
MIN
5.75 5.7 5.7
TYP
6.0 6.0 6.0 35 29 48 16 9 46 1.7 3.9
MAX
6.25 6.3 6.3 175 125 80 40
UNIT
V
mV dB mV V V
GM78L00 SERIES
Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current
6 5.5 1.5 0.1
mA mA
*Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings
4
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L08: VI= 14V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS *
25C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=10.5V to 23V IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current VI=11V to 23V IO=1mA to 40mA VI=10.5V to 23V VI=11V to 23V VI=13V to 23V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz 25C 0C to 125C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C 0C to 125C 37 0C to 125C
MIN
7.7 7.6 7.6
TYP
8.0 8.0 8.0 42 36 46
18
MAX
8.3 8.4 8.4 175 125 80 40
UNIT
V
mV dB mV V V
10 54 1.7 4
6 5.5 1.5 0.1
mA mA
GM78L09: VI= 16V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS *
25C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=12V to 24V IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current VI=13V to 20V IO=1mA to 40mA VI=12V to 24V VI=13V to 24V VI=15V to 25V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C 0C to 125C 38 0C to 125C
MIN
8.6 8.55 8.55
TYP
9.0 9.0 9.0 45 40 45 19 11 58 1.7 4.1
MAX
9.4 9.45 9.45 175 125 90 40
UNIT
V
mV dB mV V V
6 5.5 1.5 0.1
mA mA
*Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings
GM78L00 SERIES
5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L10: VI= 17V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS *
25C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=13V to 25V IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current VI=14V to 25V IO=1mA to 40mA VI=13V to 25V VI=14V to 25V VI=15V to 25V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz 25C 0C to 125C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C 0C to 125C 37 0C to 125C
MIN
9.6 9.5 9.5
TYP
10 10 10 51 42 44
20
MAX
10.4 10.5 10.5 175 125 90 40
UNIT
V
mV dB mV V V
11 62 1.7 4
6 5.5 1.5 0.1
mA mA
GM78L12: VI= 19V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS *
25C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=14.5V to 27V IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation VI=14.5V to 27V VI=16V to 27V VI=15V to 25V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C VI=16V to 27V IO=1mA to 40mA 0C to 125C 37 0C to 125C
MIN
11.5 11.4 11.4
TYP
12 12 12 55 49 42 22 13 70 1.7 4.3
MAX
12.5 12.6 12.6 250 200 100 50
UNIT
V
mV dB mV V V
GM78L00 SERIES
Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current
6.5 6.0 1.5 0.1
mA mA
*Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings
6
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L15: VI= 23V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS *
25C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=17.5V to 30V IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current VI=14V to 25V IO=1mA to 40mA VI=17.5V to30V VI=19V to 30V VI=18.5V to 28.5V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz 25C 0C to 125C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C 0C to 125C 34 0C to 125C
MIN
14.4 14.25 14.25
TYP
15 15 15 65 58 39
25
MAX
15.6 15.75 15.75 300 250 150 75
UNIT
V
mV dB mV V V
15 82 1.7 4.6
6.5 6.0 1.5 0.1
mA mA
GM78L18: VI= 26V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS *
25C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=20.5V to 33V IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current VI=22V to 33V IO=1mA to 40mA VI=20.5V to 33V VI=22V to 33V VI=21.5V to 31.5V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C 0C to 125C 32 0C to 125C
MIN
17.3 17.1 17.1
TYP
18 18 18 70 64 36 27 19 89 1.7 4.7
MAX
18.7 18.9 18.9 360 300 180 90
UNIT
V
mV dB mV V V
6.5 6.0 1.5 0.1
mA mA
*Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings
GM78L00 SERIES
7
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L24: VI= 32V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted)
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS *
25C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=26.5V to 39V IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current VI=28V to 39V IO=1mA to 40mA VI=26.5V to39V VI=29V to 39V VI=27.5V to 37.5V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz 25C 0C to 125C 25C 25C 25C 25C 125C 0C to 125C 30 0C to 125C
MIN
23 22.8 22.8
TYP
24 24 24 95 78 33
41
MAX
25 25.2 25.2 480 400 240 120
UNIT
V
mV dB mV V V
28 97 1.7 4.8
6.5 6.0 1.5 0.1
mA mA
*Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings
GM78L00 SERIES
8
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE(V)
6.0
GM78L05 VOUT = 5.0V TJ = 25C
VI-VO, INPUT/OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE(V)
8.0
2.5
2.0
IO=70mA IO=40mA IO=1.0mA
IO=1.0mA
1.5
4.0
IO=100mA
2.0
1.0
IO=40mA
0
0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10
0.5 Dropout of Regulation is defined as when VO=2% Of VO 0 0 25 50 75
100
125
VI, INPUT VOLTAGE(V)
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C)
Figure 1. Dropout Characteristics
Figure 2. Dropout Voltage versus Junction Temperature
10,000
PD, POWER DISSIPATION(mW)
5.0
IIB, INPUT BIAS CURRENT(mA)
4.0
1000 No Heatsink
3.0
2.0 GM78L05 VOUT=5.0V IO=40mA TJ=25C 5.0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
100
1.0
0 0
R JA=200C/W PD(max) to 25C=625mW 10 25 50 75 100
125
150
VI, INPUT VOLTAGE(V)
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE(C)
Figure 3. Input Bias Current versus Input Voltage
Figure 4. Maximum Average Power Dissipation versus Ambient Temperature-TO-92 Type Package
35,000
No Heatsink
30,000
PD, POWER DISSIPATION(mW)
25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE(C)
Figure 5. Maximum Average Power Dissipation versus Ambient Temperature SOT-89 Type Package
GM78L00 SERIES
9
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Design Considerations The GM78L00 series regulators have thermal overload protection from excessive power, internal short-circuit protection limits each circuit's maximum current, and output transistor safe-area protection for reducing the output current as the voltage across each pass transistor is increased. Although the internal power dissipation is limited, the junction temperature must be kept below the maximum specified temperature (125C) in order to meet data sheet specifications. Thermal Considerations The TO-92 molded package is capable of unusual high power dissipation due to the lead frame design. However, its thermal capabilities are generally overlooked because of a lack of understanding of the thermal paths from the semiconductor junction to ambient temperature. While thermal resistance is normally specified for the device mounted 1cm above an infinite heat sink, very little has been mentioned of the options available to improve the conservatively rated thermal capability. An explanation of the thermal paths of the TO-92 will allow the designer to determine the thermal stress which is applying in any given application. The TO-92 Package The TO-92 package thermal paths are complex. In addition to the path through the molding compound to ambient temperature, there is another path through the leads, in parallel with the case path, to ambient temFigure 5. TO-92 Thermal Equivalent Circuit
JC JL
Where: qJC = thermal resistance of the case between the regulator die and a point on the case directly above the die location. qCA = thermal resistance between the case and air at ambient temperature. qJL = thermal resistance from regulator die through the input lead to a point 1/16 inch below the regulator case. qLA = total thermal resistance of the input/output ground leads to ambient temperature. qJA = junction to ambient thermal resistance.
TJ
PE(W)
CA LA
TA
GM78L00 SERIES
perature, as shown in Figure 5. The total thermal resistance in this model is then:
( JA + CA)( JL +
JA= JA +
LA)
CA + JL + LA
10
SOP-8 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
0.008 +0.0018 -0.0005
0 ~ 8
0.028
+0.013 -0.022 +0.33 -0.56
0.200
+0.05 -0.01
Pad Layout
0.060 1.52
0.710
0.236 0.008 5.990
+0.21 -0.20 +0.003 -0.004
0.275 7.0
0.155 4.0
0.154
PIN INDENT
3.91 0.1
0.024 0.6 0.050 1.270
Inches ( mm )
0.191
+0.002 -0.004 +0.05 -0.10
4.850
0.063 0.005 1.600 0.130
0.057 NOM 1.450 NOM
( Inches ) mm
0.007 0.003 0.175 0.075
0.050 NOM 1.270 NOM
0.016
+0.004 -0.003 +0.10 -0.08
0.410
TO-92 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
4.6 0.1 2 3.6 0.15 2
4.6 0.1 2.3 1.45 0.1 2 3 - 0.46 2
14.5 0.5
0.38 0.015 1.27 1.27
3.6 0.15 1.3 0.1
Unit: mm
5
5
GM78L00 SERIES
11
SOT-89 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
4.50 0.05 1.650 REF 1.400 REF R 0.13~4X R 0.13~3X
1.50 0.05
Pad Layout
2
NO DRAFT~2
Units: mm
4.20 0.05 2.5 0.05
6 R 0.1 MAX 1.00 0.07 0.46 0.025
45 0.7 1.5 1.5 1
1.50
1.50
0.38 0.01
3.00 0.025 6~2X R 0.13~2X
R 0.13~2X 6~2X
Unit: mm
ORDERING NUMBER
GM 78L 00 T92 B
GM78L00 SERIES
Gamma Micro. Circuit Type Output Voltage 05: 5.0V, 06: 6.0V 08: 8.0V, 09: 9.0V 10: 10V, 12: 12V 15: 15V, 18: 18V 24: 24V
Shipping B : ESD Bag RL: Ammo Pack R: Tape & Reel T: Tube Package T92: TO-92
3 (Tape)
1,000 Units/ ESD Bag 2,000 Units/ Ammo Pack (Tape)
S8: SOP-8
100 Units/ Tube 2,500 Units/ Tape & Reel
ST89: SOT-89
1,000 Units/ Tape & Reel
12
13
GM78L00 SERIES

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